Category Archives: News

Examination of Lindsay Clancy’s Brain

As widely reported, on September 4, the judge declared a mistrial in Lindsay Clancy’s triple-murder trial. Clancy, a former labor and delivery nurse, pleaded not guilty to killing her three children on Jan. 24, 2023. Her defense argued she was suffering from postpartum psychosis, a psychiatric disorder. Prosecutors, however, called on a forensic psychiatrist, who testified that she “retained the capacities that were required for having criminal responsibility,” ABC News reported.

Questions about brain injury came up in the medical testimony. A January 24 jump from a second-floor window, following the strangulation of her kids, left Clancy paralyzed from the waist down. While one doctor testified that Clancy’s head CT was “unremarkable,” as reported by Boston 25, a defense pathologist testified that Clancy did a “freefall dive head first,” causing a C1 (first cervical vertebra) Jefferson fracture.

According to a 2021 report available on the NLM database, “Jefferson fractures with potential tears in the transverse ligament can cause cervical spine instability and can result in neurologic injury if not appropriately diagnosed and managed.” The NLM database also includes the results of a 2011 study on the rare neurological condition Collet-Sicard Syndrome due to Jefferson fracture. The report reveals that the examined patient had decreased gag reflex on the left side, decreased laryngeal elevation, tongue deviation to the left side, and atrophy of the left trapezius. Jefferson fracture, though, does not directly cause cognitive impairment.

Newsweek reported that Clancy had no skull fracture or brain bleed. A psychiatrist testified that Clancy’s brief delirium in the hospital could have been caused by anesthesia, oxygen problems or an elevated heart rate, and that it resolved, reported CBS Boston and Fox News. After the trial, defense attorney Kevin Reddington claimed she came out of “this obvious coma” with “no memory,” CNN reported.

As of now, no decision on whether or not to retry the case appears to have been made.

Christa Pike Survived Her Execution. Did Her Mind?

Tennessee tried to execute Christa Gail Pike via lethal injection on September 30. The convicted killer was unsuccessfully given two doses of pentobarbital. (According to the NLM database, pentobarbital is a barbiturate that primarily acts on the central nervous system. It is approved by the FDA for managing seizures, status epilepticus, and short-term treatment of insomnia. In higher doses, it is an anticonvulsant for emergent seizure control and for inducing medically induced comas.)  Currently, Pike is unconscious and on a ventilator. She has burned and blistered arms, suggesting the drug leaked into tissue instead of her veins. A brain injury is likely but has not been confirmed.

Nearly all execution methods kill by depriving the brain of oxygen. Pentobarbital suppresses breathing. Nitrogen removes oxygen directly. Beyond pharmaceutical means, electrocution can burn the brainstem, and hanging and firing squads cut off blood flow. However, a method may not fully work, as a person can survive a stretch of low oxygen, resulting in hypoxic brain injury.oxygen

Periodic table featuring pentobarbital only

Earlier survivors of pharmaceutical execution, including Romell Broom and Kenneth Smith, lived because staff never got an IV line working. Pike is the first person known to survive after the drugs were given.

In a broader sense, recreational drug overdose often involves medications used in the medical field, but at a much smaller dose. Typically, emergency services often come quickly. Reportedly, it took more than an hour for Pike to receive emergency treatment. According to prison protocol, inmates who survive or experience acute medical distress during the process are legally required to be transferred to an off-site medical facility for life-saving care.

Her recovery depends on how long her brain was deprived of oxygen, which is unknown. The law generally allows a second attempt. But if she can no longer understand why she is being executed, Supreme Court rulings forbid it. Gov. Bill Lee has paused executions in Tennessee pending an independent review.

As of now, no decision on whether or not to retry the case appears to have been made.

When Bears Attack

Rocky forest trail leading toward snow-capped mountains and winding river

On Sept. 14, a 20-year-old bowhunter near Augusta, Montana, surprised a grizzly near a cow carcass. Badly hurt, the injured man still drove himself home. In May, a mother grizzly with cubs mauled two brothers at Yellowstone. The older brother needed facial reconstruction and care for a head wound.

Unfortunately, head injuries are a relatively common consequence of a bear attack, as bears typically strike the head, face or neck first. These strikes can then result in skull fractures and traumatic brain injury. In one study of 417 bear-attack victims, 55% had head injuries. While bear attacks are rare, roughly 11 brown-bear attacks a year occur in North America. These attacks are clustered, with Alaska, Montana, Wyoming and British Columbia known to be grizzly bear backcountry.

Western governors want control of grizzly management to return to the states. “The endangered species list is not a dean’s list,” Wyoming Gov. Mark Gordon said in July. “It’s time that [the grizzly] bear graduates.” Peak season for bear attacks is from July through September, as bears eat up to 20,000 calories a day to fatten up before hibernation.  According to 2024 information found in the NLM database, “upper‐body injury results from bears often attacking from a standing position, targeting the head and neck,” so be wary of a standing bear.

Year round, caution is recommended for those who traverse bear-friendly terrain: carry bear spray, travel in groups and make noise. The U.S. National Park Service and other wildlife authorities advise that if a grizzly attacks, lie face-down with your hands clasped over your neck. Fight back against black bears.

Federal Crackdown on Commercial Truck Drivers Beyond Immigration

In 2024, Dalilah Coleman was critically injured when an 18-wheeler truck crashed on a California road that the government attributes to an undocumented immigrant driver. On August 31, 2026, in Detroit, Transportation Secretary Sean Duffy and Homeland Security Secretary Markwayne Mullin, joined by Dalilah and her father, announced a major interagency crackdown on the trucking industry, targeting fraud. This fraud specifically applies to commercial licenses and unlicensed, non-English-proficient drivers, as Mullin had warned that unqualified drivers who cannot “understand the rules of the road” are endangering Americans.

Emergency crews respond to a truck and car collision on highway

Motor-vehicle crashes cause about 24.5 percent of all traumatic brain injury hospitalizations. A loaded tractor-trailer presents more danger because it can outweigh a passenger car twentyfold. In 2024, crashes involving large trucks killed 5,340 people and injured an estimated 161,201. Data isolating brain injuries caused by unlicensed commercial drivers does not yet exist, but enforcement figures hint at the scale.

The Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration also announced the emergency removal of certifications for 110 CDL schools, and the proposed removal of certifications of dozens of other training schools. Totaling over of 160 schools, and associated with more than 5,000 drivers, the FMCSA cites these school for certifying drivers who fail English language proficiency tests. Additionally, since 2025, the USDOT put more than 28,000 drivers “out of service” for English language proficiency violations, though this equals a temporary stop, not a license revocation. They also forced states to cancel over 30,000 improperly issued licenses.

NYT Reports “At Least 1 in 4 N.F.L. Players Gets Brain Disease”

A New York Times article published yesterday, August 25, 2026, focuses on a study published this week in BMJ: at least one in four former N.F.L. players who died between 2016 and 2021 had chronic traumatic encephalopathy. While The Times’ headline, Study’s Alarming Finding: At Least 1 in 4 N.F.L. Players Gets Brain Disease, captures the reader, it and the study itself omit an even grimmer finding: it appears that only about approximately a quarter of the 878 players who died had their brains examined. The real risk for CTE could be almost one hundred percent.

Worn navy football helmet with number 24 on a wooden bench

CTE comes from the cumulative force of repeated head impacts. (No tackle football position is safe, but low-contact positions like punters and kickers are the safest, while linemen absorb thousands of blows.) Roughly 60% of the players found with CTE had dementia and severe impairment, including an inability to feed or groom themselves.

This isn’t a call to ban tackle football. But public universities, however lucrative their football programs may be, are taxpayer-supported government institutions. Perhaps lawmakers should at least weigh the benefits and drawbacks of the sport on college campuses before federal funds are provided.

The Chemical Time Bomb in Orange County

Workers in high-visibility vests wearing masks walking in a dusty warehouse near caution-taped barrels

A catastrophic chemical emergency has engulfed Orange County, California, forcing more than 50,000 residents to flee after a massive tank of methyl methacrylate ruptured at the GKN Aerospace facility in Garden Grove. Governor Gavin Newsom declared a state of emergency. President Trump also approved of Newsom’s request for federal aid, unlocking critical FEMA resources to help stabilize the crisis.

What many people don’t realize is that many chemicals, including methyl methacrylate, don’t just threaten the lungs. They also target the brain. Research published on NIH’s PubMed has found that methyl methacrylate causes measurable neurological deficits in exposed industrial workers, impairing memory, learning, and movement. One study documented that vapor exposure depressed electrical activity in the hippocampus, the brain’s memory center. The neurological symptoms of exposure, like headaches, lethargy, and a heavy, numb sensation in the limbs, can take days or weeks to appear.

As research further reveals, chronic exposure can cause degenerative changes in the brain and permanent nerve damage. Children, the elderly, and those with respiratory conditions face the greatest risk. As Garden Grove begins to recover, the invisible injury to thousands of brains is only beginning to unfold.

Workers in high-visibility vests wearing masks walking in a dusty warehouse near caution-taped barrels

This concern over industrial chemical dust is not new. California already has the strictest regulations on chemical plants and manufacturers of any state. Proposition 65 states that these companies must provide public warnings if they emit or use hundreds of chemicals linked to cancer or reproductive harm. Beyond just being one of the first states to mandate regulations, New Jersey also imposes some of the most rigorous chemical safety and security standards. Additionally, with the Matt Haller Act, Illinois enforces some of the strictest emission regulations. As Illinois Senator Dick Durbin captured in a 2017 letter addressed to the CDC Director: “It is clear that public exposure to [industrial chemical] dust can lead to serious health, safety, and environmental issues.”

Hidden Price of a Cruise: Hantavirus’ Effect on the Brain

A cruise though the South Atlantic sounds like a dream vacation, but for eighteen Americans, the trip ended as a nightmare. After MV Hondius returned to the United States on May 11, two passengers were placed in biocontainment units because they had developed Andes virus, a strain of the hantavirus. The World Health Organization confirmed this, with eight cases and three deaths reported as of May 8.

In relation to the neurological effects of the virus, hantavirus pulmonary syndrome invades the brain indirectly. Drawing on cases traceable to the 1993 American Southwest outbreak and documented in NLM PubMed literature as far back as 1998, the Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society found that hantavirus pulmonary syndrome survivors exhibited cognitive impairments immediately after acute hospitalization and again at a one-year follow-up, with memory deficits resembling those seen in patients who have suffered brain anoxia, starving the brain of oxygen in a way that mirrors traumatic anoxic injury. Some research also suggests the virus may damage the blood-brain barrier, producing CNS symptoms including headache, insomnia, and vertigo, though this remains incompletely understood. Lasting effects include fatigue, memory loss, and attentional deficits.

Treatment mirrors the approach taken with other forms of acquired brain injury: supportive intensive care, cognitive rehabilitation, and neuropsychological monitoring. A 2024 multicenter cohort study of Andes virus survivors in Chile found that 61.9% reported incomplete recovery at three to six months post-onset, with clustering of both physical and neuropsychological symptoms across patient groups regardless of whether they required extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.

Responding to the 2026 cruise ship outbreak, Admiral Brian Christine, the Department of Health and Human Services’ assistant secretary for health, told reporters, “Let me be crystal clear: the risk of hantavirus to the general public remains very, very low. The Andes variant of this virus does not spread easily.” While the virus can be spread from person-to-person, Andes virus spreads primarily through contact with the urine, saliva, or droppings of infected rodents. Unfortunately, there is currently no approved vaccine for hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in the United States.

Trump Wants Greenland; Greenland Wants Neurosurgeons

Currently, President Trump’s renewed push to acquire Greenland dominates the headlines. Though many dismiss the President’s statements as mere diplomatic trolling, it brings new attention to the challenges faced by this Arctic territory. Specific to this website, those in Greenland face real medical challenges related to brain injury that deserve attention.

Of Greenland’s 56,500 residents, it is reported that 10-20 suffer severe traumatic brain injuries annually, with falls and snowmobile accidents being primary causes. (The territory also holds the world’s highest rate of fall-related spinal cord injuries.) Although this is a statistically small number, the healthcare reality is stark. Queen Ingrid’s Hospital in Nuuk, the country’s capital and largest city, remains the only facility with CT and MRI scanners, and no neurosurgeons practice in Greenland. Patients requiring brain surgery generally face evacuation to Copenhagen, Denmark, for which minimum transport time exceeds seven hours.

A 2025 study available to view on the NIH database offers hope with the introduction of teleneurosurgery. As of recently, the Department of Neurosurgery at the University Hospital of Copenhagen, Rigshospitalet has the ability to provide, “training [to] local [Greenland] surgeons to perform cranial neurosurgical procedures using smart glasses, enabling real-time supervision from neurosurgeons in Copenhagen.” Since May 2024, it is reported that multiple successful operations have been performed. Unfortunately, while the Danish publicly funded healthcare system may cover all residents, geographic isolation has created life-threatening delays.

Lawsuit to Take Down Austin Police for Takedown Consequences

On January 6, 2026, Natalie Gialenes reportedly filed a federal lawsuit against the City of Austin and a former Officer following a December 2024 incident that reportedly caused her a traumatic brain injury. Gialenes contends that while handcuffed for public intoxication, she bent down to retrieve her dropped ID when a police officer threw her to the ground. Her head struck the pavement with an audible impact that caused bleeding. Her attorney reports she now experiences cognitive difficulties that will affect her for life, including forcing her to withdraw from paralegal school. The Austin Police Association, however, maintains that Gialenes was highly intoxicated, had admitted using cocaine and alcohol, and pulled away from the officer during escort, requiring the takedown to maintain control.

Since 1989, officers have been subject to the Supreme Court order defined in federal Graham v. Connor, which includes the statement, “the facts and circumstances related to the use of force should drive the analysis, rather than any improper intent or motivation by the officer who used force.” Police takedowns are physical control techniques designed to bring suspects safely to the ground, occurring in approximately 21% of use-of-force incidents nationwide. Research indicates injury rates when force is used are estimated in a wide range, from 17 – 64%, with most injuries being minor bruises or strains. Data from the University of Illinois Chicago’s Law Enforcement Epidemiology Project states that 12.6% of civilians hospitalized from law enforcement encounters suffered traumatic brain injuries.

Texas law, as will law in all 50 states, mandates comprehensive use-of-force training for all officers. This training emphasizes de-escalation and proportional response. As Texas Government Code states, officers must provide “first aid or treatment to the extent of the officer’s skill and training” when encountering injured persons. Austin Police Chief Lisa Davis indefinitely suspended the Officer, calling his actions “reprehensible.”

NIH Hypoglycemia-Fall Studies Explain “Marvel” Actor’s Trauma

When Marvel actress Evangeline Lilly fainted and fell face-first onto a Hawaiian boulder in May 2025, she sustained a brain injury. During her beach outing, the actress fainted and fell face-first onto a boulder, resulting in brain damage affecting “almost every area” of cognitive function. Last week, as has been widely reported, the actress revealed on Instagram that recent brain scans confirm lasting damage from this fall.

As to her prior medical history, Lilly has revealed that she suffers from hypoglycemia, or low blood sugar. Since she was a child, she has explained that she would have fainting spells due to this condition. Hypoglycemia-induced falls can lead to traumatic brain injury. (While such falls can happen at any age, older adults with diabetes are particularly at risk.) NIH-published studies have documented this dangerous cascade. Research found in the NIH PubMed database confirms that hypoglycemia can trigger loss of consciousness and substantially increase fall risk. A 2025 study examined how hypoglycemia-induced falls cause distinctive brain damage patterns affecting the hippocampus, cerebral cortex, and basal ganglia. Researchers at Washington University School of Medicine, funded by NIH grants, found that hypoglycemic brain injuries differ from other trauma types, causing widespread neuronal death when glucose levels drop critically low.

The “Lost” star now faces what she calls an “uphill battle” for recovery that is an all too familiar journey experienced by many from this medically recognized connection.